Tomato "Katya F1" - an ultra-early hybrid with excellent varietal and commercial characteristics. The variety quickly gained popularity among gardeners, captivating them with the simplicity of agricultural technology and the taste of fruits. We learn what else is remarkable about Katya, how to plant and grow her?
Pack of tomato seeds “Katya”
Tomato "Katya" on a branch
Variety Breeding
The authors of the "Katya F1" hybrid are Russian breeders. A new tomato was bred about 10 years ago. The originator is Semko-Junior. Tomatoes Katya are hybrids of the first generation, as indicated by the designation F1.
The hybrid was officially included in the State Register in 2007. It is recommended for cultivation in all regions of the Russian Federation. Over the past time, "Katya" has gained considerable popularity among our gardeners.
Description and characteristics of Kati
"Katya F1" is a universal tomato. The hybrid has excellent varietal characteristics, is actively grown under the film, in polycarbonate greenhouses, and simply in the open ground.
Region and growing conditions
The recommended growing region is the North Caucasus. In fact, Katya tomato is grown by gardeners from various regions of the Russian Federation, as it grows excellently both in open ground and in greenhouse conditions.
How to grow tomatoes in the open, read here.
Grade description
Short botanical description:
- Bush. Height -60 cm. Determinant - limited in growth. The foliage is weak - you do not often need to thin out the green mass.
- Flowers and fruits. Inflorescences are simple, in the brush - from 7 to 15 ovaries. The first inflorescence is formed over the 5th leaf. Fruit weight - 80-120 g. Tomatoes of the same size, flat-round, not ribbed, slightly flattened. There are few seeds inside the fruit - one seed nest contains only three seeds. The color when ripening is uniform, first light green, which gradually turns into bright red. There are no spots and blotches.
In the fruit of "Kati" the dry matter content is 4.6%, sugar - 2.9%.
Varietal characteristics
"Katya" refers to early, ultra-early hybrids. To get fresh tomatoes early, even in the southern regions, seedlings are used.
Varietal characteristics of the Katya hybrid:
- The fruits ripen together. From the time of germination to the appearance of the first ripe tomato takes 75-80 days.
- Resistant to high humidity and drought.
- Resistance to diseases - vertebral rot, tobacco mosaic virus, late blight, alternariosis.
- 85-95% of the fruits have excellent presentation.
- Well transported.
- The taste is pleasant, with sweet notes. Sourness is small, sugar flesh.
Tomatoes "Katya" are hybrids, so the seeds taken from grown tomatoes do not repeat the parental characteristics. Seeds must be bought annually.
Fruit Prescription
Katya is appreciated for its versatility. The excellent taste of the hybrid is combined with suitability for a variety of workpieces. These tomatoes are delicious fresh, they can be eaten whole, in the form of salads, dried, make juices, prepare pastas and sauces. Tomatoes are suitable for whole preservation.
Watch the video review about the tomato-hybrid "Katya":
Productivity
Productivity of tomato "Katya F1":
- in open ground - 8-10 kg per 1 sq. km. m;
- in the greenhouse - 12-15 kg per 1 sq. km. m
This yield for the early variety is considered quite high. Harvest friendly - this is convenient when growing crops for sale. For comparison, table 1 shows the yields of other popular tomato varieties. The indicated values are for open ground.
Table 1
Grade | Productivity, kg per 1 square. m |
King of the market | 10-12 |
The president | 7-9 |
Lazy dog | 13-15 |
Summer resident | 4-5 |
Doll | 8-9 |
Lady shedi | 7-8 |
Fat jack | 5-6 |
Gulliver | 6-8 |
Transportability
The fruits of Kati are highly dense, they are well transported, do not flow or crush. During transportation they do not crack and do not lose their presentation.
If tomatoes are ripped off for sale and transportation is ahead, it is better to take them in a state of ripeness. In a few days, which the tomatoes will be on the way, they will become salable.
Advantages and disadvantages of the variety
The secret of Katya’s popularity in combination of two varietal features, which are crucial for gardeners and summer residents. These tomatoes are tasty, fruitful and unpretentious to care for. But these are far from the only advantages of the hybrid.
Pros:
- high precocity;
- friendly ripening of fruits;
- undemanding to the composition of the soil;
- high taste and marketability of the fruit;
- high yields;
- resistance to diseases characteristic of nightshade;
- resistance to temperature changes and drought - without damage to the crop can withstand several days without watering;
- simple agricultural technology - do not require tying and pinching;
- good keeping quality - the fruits removed by brown are ripened qualitatively, without losing their taste;
- universality of the use of fruits.
Many of Kati’s advantages are easily explained by its botanical features. So, for example, the high yield and excellent characteristics of the fruits are associated with the low leafiness of the bush - it spends most of the energy on ripening the tomato.
Minuses:
- the branches may break due to the severity of the fruit;
- in rainy weather, plants may be affected by phomosis and mosaic;
- demanding nutrition - lack of nutrition causes a drop in productivity.
Variety varieties
The hybrid "Katya" has a variety that differs in only one quality - color. It is easy to guess that the "Pink Katya" fruits are not red, but pink.
All other characteristics of the hybrids coincide - the height of the bushes, precocity, transportability and more. But in productivity, the pink analogue even surpasses the red Katya, in greenhouses it reaches 18 kg per 1 sq. Km. m
Pink Katya
Differences from other varieties
Comparing Katya and its pink variety with early varieties of tomatoes, it is easy to notice:
- Their sugar content is lower than that of the “Bull Heart”.
- Matures earlier than many early varieties. For example, he is 2 weeks ahead of Liang.
- The Mongolian dwarf is beaten in taste.
- Yablonka of Russia and Siberian precocious are twice ahead in productivity.
- Significantly superior to Classical White in disease resistance.
- It is transported better than Betta and many other varieties.
Features of growing seedlings of the variety "Katya"
Tomato "Katya" can be sown with seeds, but growing by seedling method is considered more effective. Without seedlings, the early ripening of the hybrid will not bring much benefit. The hybrid is characterized by an early harvest, and only seedlings make it possible to take full advantage of this advantage.
Soil requirements
Optimum soils - sandy and loamy. High breathability is appreciated. Seeds for seedlings are sown in soil covered with a film, or in containers filled with soil mix. The latter can be purchased at agricultural stores - there are mixtures specifically for tomato seedlings.
If sowing seeds is done in the soil, it is necessary to properly prepare it. To find out the type of soil, just wet and knead a handful of soil in your hand. If the tube rolled between the palms cracks when bent, the soil is loamy, and the clay does not crack.
You have to fertilize any of the soils - the only way you can count on high yields and good taste of a tomato.
Open ground fertilizer depends on the type of soil:
- Sour. Once every 3-4 years, dolomite flour or lime is added - 300-600 g per 1 sq. Km. m
- Heavy clay. For 1 square. m make 2 buckets of rotted manure. Instead of manure, compost will do. A bucket of sand will be useful - it is pre-soaked in a urea solution (150 g per bucket of water).
Seed planting time
Sowing seeds, it must be borne in mind that seedlings will be ready in about 2 months. By this time, if landing in open ground, warm weather should be established on the street. Each region has its own landing dates. So, in the North Caucasus region, sowing seedlings begin in winter - in February, and before May Day, seedlings are ready for planting.
In the middle lane, planting in the ground is risky until the beginning of summer, so seedlings are sown for open ground at the end of March. The planting will be in early June, and by early July it will be possible to pick the first tomatoes.
About 100 days elapse from seedling emergence to harvesting. Based on this figure and calculate the time of sowing, planting seedlings and harvesting.
Seed preparation
Hybrid seeds are prepared for sowing as standard - they go through all stages of preparation aimed at increasing germination, them:
- Calibrate - select suitable specimens.
- Disinfect in a solution of potassium permanganate.
- Washed after disinfection and soaked.
- Hardened before sowing at a temperature of 0-3 degrees for 16 hours. For this, the seeds are placed on the top shelf of the refrigerator.
When germinating, it is important not to overexpose the seeds - sprouts should not turn into long thin threads. Read about tomato seed germination here.
Sowing tomatoes for seedlings
For seedlings, you can use any containers, boxes, boxes. But it is best to use special seedlings. At their bottom there are holes through which excess moisture is removed. If they are not provided, the seedlings will fall ill with a black leg. Instead of a store substrate, you can use a peat-sand mixture - the ingredients are taken in equal parts.
Sowing order:
- The substrate or soil mixture is watered abundantly.
- Seeds before sowing are warmed for 2 days at +30 ° C, then 3 days at +50 ° C.
- Seeds are buried by 1-2 cm. Between adjacent seeds, an interval of 2-3 cm is maintained. Tomatoes cannot be sown densely - seedlings will grow weak, thin, non-viable.
- Crops are covered with film or glass.
How to care for seedlings?
Features seedlings care:
- From the time of sowing to seedlings maintain the temperature at + 22-25 ° C.
- As soon as the sprouts appear, the film is removed - so that the seedlings do not suffocate in fumes.
- The temperature is lowered to 18 ° C, then raised again to 20-24 ° C.
- Seedlings provide adequate lighting. It is usually placed on the windowsill.
- Water the seedlings as needed using a sprayer. You can not fill the plants.
Picking seedlings
After 10-12 days, when the seedlings appear 2-3 true leaflets, they are seated in separate containers. If this is not done, the seedlings will stretch excessively.
Dive Features:
- Dive plants are buried in the soil to the level of cotyledon leaves.
- Seedlings are rarely and moderately watered. Water is only warm.
- 1-2 times fed with mineral complex fertilizers or a solution of wood ash.
- If the seedlings begin to stretch, turn on additional lighting.
- A week before transplanting seedlings into the ground, they begin hardening - periodically they take it out onto the street for a short time.
Seedlings "Katie", with proper agricultural technology, grows strong, stocky. It is never too long. The usual height of seedlings ready for planting is 15-20 cm.
You can find more information about picking tomato seedlings here.
Planting seedlings in open ground
The simplest and least expensive way to grow tomatoes is to plant seedlings in open ground. There is no need to splurge on film, no greenhouse is needed - seedlings are planted in the open.
The timing of planting seedlings of the variety "Katya" in the open ground
Planting seedlings in open ground is possible only with the complete exclusion of return cold weather. Otherwise, a temporary film shelter will be organized. For each region, the landing dates are different, plus an adjustment is made for the current weather.
Usually, seedlings are planted in open ground not earlier than the second half of May, and even better - in the first half of June.
Process technology
The beds for tomatoes are made in sunny areas. The soil is pre-fertilized - preferably in the fall. A few days before planting, the soil is dug up, watered, and if necessary, fertilizers are applied.
Features of planting tomato seedlings in open ground:
- The optimal planting scheme is 70 x 30 cm or 50 x 50 cm. The planting rate is 4 bushes per 1 sq. Km. m. More densely planted is impractical.
- Wells are prepared according to the size of the seedlings. Pegs are driven into each well - up to 50 cm high. For Katya, a plastic net or fence is also suitable.
- Empty wells are watered with water - 1 liter in each well.
- In the prepared wells lay additional fertilizer - half a glass of ash and 1 tsp. nitrofoski.
- Seedlings are planted in holes a little deeper than they grew in containers. It is allowed to deepen it to 50% of the length. It is recommended to tilt towards the north-west. Gardeners are also advised to cut off several leaves at the bottom of the seedlings.
- Planted seedlings are abundantly watered under the root, sprinkled with mulch, and if the weather is not cloudy, it is advisable to prit the planting.
It is only necessary to plant fresh and healthy seedlings, if it sticks, it will be badly rooted, sick and lagging behind in growth.
How to care for Katya tomatoes?
The “Katya” hybrid does not deliver much trouble. Care is reduced to standard agricultural activities - watering, cultivation, weeding, top dressing.
Watering and feeding
Tomatoes are watered in the evenings. Irrigation rate - 0.9-1 l. Frequency of watering - once every 2 days. When ovaries are formed, when top dressing is done, plantings are watered additionally. In hot weather, the frequency of watering is increased, with increased humidity - reduced.
Excess moisture is the most common cause of rotting of roots and late blight.
The productivity of Kati depends on the timeliness and composition of top dressing. When and how to feed tomato plantings - in table 2.
table 2
Top dressing period | What to feed? |
2 weeks after disembarkation | Introduce complex fertilizer. Experienced gardeners prefer to pour tomatoes under the root with mullein - they dissolve 500 g of manure in 10 liters of water. This volume is enough for 10 plants. |
During flowering | Mullein with a double concentration is used. At the same time, it is advisable to add superphosphate (20 g) - it is put directly into the mullein. |
After a couple of weeks | Fertilizing without nitrogen. Pour infusion of ash or phosphorus-potassium fertilizers under the root. |
Stitching and garter plants
A hybrid can do without stepsoning, as it has a small foliage. But if there is time and desire, it will be useful to remove the lower stepsons - they are carefully cut or broken off. Do it in the morning - in the sun, wounds will heal better. If you break off the stepsons in the evening, the wound surface runs the risk of rotting.
At the bushes, 2 stems are formed. Usually the second stem is a stepson who grew earlier than the rest. If you leave 3 stems, the plant will not be able to provide all the fruit with food. As a result, instead of normal fruits, tomatoes the size of a walnut will grow.
Due to the fragility of the stems, a garter is a necessary procedure. Tie plants to supports or trellises, which are made of thick twine stretched between the uprights.
Soil care
Tomato plantings periodically loosen, remove weeds and mulch. All these measures favorably affect the growth of the root system, activate plant growth, strengthen it and increase productivity. In addition, mulch inhibits weed growth.
For mulching, natural components are used that can retain moisture well and supply plants with nutrients - straw, humus, rotten straw-dung mixture.
Diseases and Pests
"Katya F1" is resistant to the most dangerous "tomato" diseases. But for prevention, he needs fungicide treatment. Bushes are sprayed with Bordeaux liquid and garlic infusion.
Usually, diseases appear due to a violation of agricultural technology:
- the plant is stunted, so many gardeners neglect the garter;
- mistaking tomatoes with cold water;
- in greenhouses, problems can occur due to poor ventilation.
Most of Kate’s problems are pests. The main enemies of Kati are in table 3.
Table 3
Pest | What harm? | How to fight? |
Medvedka | Nibbles the roots, plants die. | When planting tomatoes, granular poisons are poured into each hole - there are special preparations from the bear. Poison can not be scattered on the surface - pets can be poisoned. |
Scoop | Larvae eat green parts of the plant. Climbing inside the fruits, eat the flesh. They also provoke an outbreak of fungal diseases. | Spray with insecticides in dry weather at temperatures above +20 ° C. Suitable "Decis Profi", "Confidor", "Fufanon" and others. |
Maybug Larvae | Able to destroy young landings in a few hours. I hit the root system of plants. | Before planting, seedlings are treated with a solution of "Antichrush". |
Aphid | The aerial parts of the plant are affected. Sucking out the juices inhibits the development of the plant, as a result, it can die. | Sprayed with insecticides, for example, Ratibor. |
Harvesting tomato varieties "Katya"
At what stage of ripeness to pick tomatoes depends on the purposes for which they are harvested:
- Ripe fruits, with bright red skin, are ripped off onto salads and cooking culinary dishes.
- For preservation take slightly pink and yellowish fruits.
- Tomatoes of milk ripeness are suitable for long-term storage - it is achieved when a bright green color is replaced by a pale green, almost white color.
It is important to harvest tomatoes before the cold. Before the thermometer column drops below +13 ° С. If this is not done, the tomatoes will darken and become unfit for eating.
Features of growing tomato in a greenhouse
In areas with severe climatic conditions, where there is a high risk of freezing of tomatoes, greenhouse cultivation is used. In the conditions of the greenhouse "Katya" is stretched up to 1 m in height. Because of this, not 2 stems are left, as in the open ground, but one.
In a greenhouse, normal humidity and a temperature of not more than 30 ° C are constantly maintained. In the heat, pollen is not suitable for fertilization, the fruits are not tied. To achieve high yields, you have to shake the tomato bushes.
Reviews
Konstantin P., 48 years old, amateur gardener, Lipetsk region I grow Katya without stepsoning. If you tear down stepchildren, productivity drops. The taste of fresh fruit is excellent. We use for juice, pickles and other preparations. Hybrid to diseases, it’s true, it’s resistant, but I still treat bushes with complex preparations.
I spend a lot of time growing good seedlings - I buy special soil mixtures for it. I do not neglect the hardening of seedlings.
Victoria O., 56 years old, summer resident, Voronezh region Katya is one of the best varieties. One thing is bad - it's a hybrid, and you cannot get seeds on your own. But I take them already processed, disinfected - ready for planting. The only minus that I encountered while growing Katya was cracking the fruit on rainy days.
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"Katya F1" has gained truly popular popularity. This productive hybrid is easy to grow, is not demanding to care for, practically does not get sick and is very productive. The fruits of this hybrid are not only tasty, but also good for sale - they are still, and are well transported.
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